📘 Handbook
Here you can find the Handbook of Topic 1. It is advised to read this document before looking at the self-assessment test and suggested recommended references.
Click on the buttons below to view and download the Handbook of Topic 1. You can download it in portrait view (vertical) or in landscape view (horizontal).
📑 List of Recommended References
The following directory provides a list of reference materials available online, that are recommended with regard to the various topics covered in the modules of the MOOC.
Some documents are indicated as “strongly recommended” as they are very important to be read by the MOOC participants if they want to acquire a general basic knowledge of the modules main topics.
Besides the strongly recommended documents, a list of other suggested documents is provided, to be consulted by the MOOC participants if they want to go deeper into the topics covered by the modules.
For each of the recommended documents, a brief description of their contents is provided. All documents are available on the MOOC platform or may be found in the given links.
📌 Strongly Recommended Documents
- UNWTO (2021), The Economic Contribution of Tourism and the Impact of COVID-19
Abstract
This article highlights the tourism contribution to the world economy measured in tourism direct gross domestic product (TDGDP) and how the COVID-19 pandemic affected all indicators. The COVID-19 pandemic cut tourism direct GDP by more than half in 2020, reducing it by USD 2.0 trillion, to 1.8% of world GDP. This plunge represents about 70% of the overall decline in world GDP in 2020.1 International tourist arrivals dropped by 73% in 2020, while export revenues from tourism (international tourism receipts and passenger transport) declined by 63% in real terms.
- HOTREC (2022), Labour shortages in the hospitality sector, position paper, Brussels
Abstract
The hospitality sector provides 11 million jobs in the EU27 and highly contributes to the EU economy. Nevertheless, the sector is now facing labour shortages to an unprecedented extent. This paper presents the ongoing challenges and reasons behind this phenomenon as well as solutions to be developed both at the EU and national levels including enhancing legal migration, promoting different forms of work, developing education and training programmes.
🔗 Other Recommended Documents
- European Commission (2021) Attitudes of Europeans towards tourism
Abstract
Eurobarometer survey about the attitudes of Europeans towards tourism. Topics explored include 1) travel behaviour,including frequency of travel, accommodation preferences, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel behaviour; 2) preferred booking channels and sources of information for making travel arrangements; 3) key reasons for selecting a destination; and 4) opinions and information on sustainable travel, including on the ease of finding sustainability or accessibility related information and the preparedness to change travel habits to be more sustainable. This study profiles all travellers and includes some issues, like finding reliable information, related to the requirements of tourists with specific access requirements.
- United Nations (2020), COVID-19 and Transforming Tourism
Abstract
Tourism provides livelihoods for millions of people and allows billions more to appreciate their own and different cultures, as well as the natural world. For some countries, it can represent over 20 per cent of their GDP and, overall, it is the third largest export sector of the global economy. Tourism is one of the sectors most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting economies, livelihoods, public services and opportunities on all continents. While sustaining the livelihoods dependent on the sector must be a priority, rebuilding tourism is also an opportunity for transformation with a focus on leveraging its impact on destinations visited and building more resilient communities and businesses through innovation, digitalization, sustainability, and partnerships.
- ETC (2022), Exploring Consumer Travel Attitudes and Expectations to Drive Tourism Recovery – Summer 2022
Abstract
This report is the first of two reports on exploring consumer travel attitudes and expectations to drive tourism recovery. The topics explored throughout the overall study are:
– Knowledge on behavioural trends: Achieve a better understanding of consumer travel attitudes and behaviours driven by the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify long-lasting trends and those that will most likely fade away.
– Understanding the market: Identify and provide an overview of the gaps and opportunities in European tourism products and services offered during the pandemic to optimise consumer travel experiences in the short-term.
– Anticipate travel behaviour: Examine consumer travel expectations (about travel to and within Europe) for the year 2022 to provide tourism destinations with the necessary insights to adapt their offering to the needs and expectations of potential travellers.
– Travel outlook: Provide insights into consumer travel expectations following the summer period in 2022 and beyond (2023).
- Economist Intelligence- EIU (2022), Tourism outlook 2023 – Turbulence in the travel industry
Abstract
Global tourism arrivals will increase by 30% in 2023, following growth of 60% in 2022, but will remain below pre-pandemic levels. The economic downturn, sanctions on Russia, and China’s zero-covid strategy will delay recovery.
EIU’s guide to tourism in 2023 provides a comprehensive view of the challenges, opportunities and trends to watch over the coming year.
- UNWTO Tourism market Intelligence and Competitiveness (2022), Impact of the Russian offensive on Ukraine on international tourism
Abstract
Russia’s military offensive in Ukraine represents a downside risk for international tourism. It has exacerbated already high oil prices and transportation costs, increased uncertainty and caused a disruption of travel in Eastern Europe. This report analyses these impacts in detail, also providing key data.
European Travel Commission (2021), Encouraging Sustainable Tourism Practices, Brussels.
Abstract
Sustainability is the global imperative of our era, an imperative that concerns the tourism phenomenon, too. On the one hand, some tourism practices can generate unsustainability (i.e. overtourism); on the other hand, some global phenomena (i.e. climate change) undermine important tourism attractors, mostly naturalistic ones.
This report introduces the key concepts of sustainability and of sustainable tourism. It analyses some consumer attitudes about sustainable practices, and shapes some key trends of tourism economy. A rich and interesting collection of case histories documents various approaches to achieve sustainable tourism.
🤝 Forum
Join MOOC participants and tourism professionals in our forum to continue the conversation about the addressed topics!
💯 Self-assessment test
To evaluate your competences, click the button below when you’re ready. The quiz can be taken as many times as you’d like. You can earn the Divetour MOOC Certification by passing all of the self-assessment tests for the four different MOOC Topics.